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Social practice (art)
Social practice is an art medium that focuses on social engagement, inviting collaboration with individuals, communities, and institutions in the creation of participatory art.〔https://www.artjob.org/content/collaboration-where-art-social-practice-begins〕 It is also referred to by a range of different names: socially engaged art,〔http://pablohelguera.net/2011/11/education-for-socially-engaged-art-2011/〕 community art, new-genre public art,〔http://www.amazon.com/Mapping-Terrain-New-Genre-Public/dp/0941920305〕 participatory art, interventionist art, collaborative art,〔Bishop, Claire. “The Social Turn: Collaboration and Its Discontents” ''Artforum,'' February 2006, 178-83.〕 relational art and dialogical aesthetics.〔http://www.artnews.com/2013/10/31/how-to-speak-artspeak-properly/〕 Social practice art came about in response to increasing pressure within art education to work collaboratively through social and participatory formats.〔Sholette, G. (n.d.). “After OWS: social practice art, abstraction, and the limits of the social”. Retrieved April 25, 2013, from http://www.e-flux.com/journal/after-ows-social-practice-art-abstraction-and-the-limits-of-the-social/.〕
Artists working in social practice co-create their work with a specific audience or propose critical interventions within existing social systems that inspire debate or catalyze social exchange.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Social Practice Workshop )〕 Social practice artwork focuses on the interaction between the audience, social systems, and the artist through topics such as aesthetics, ethics, collaboration, persona, media strategies, and social activism.〔http://www.reviewsinculture.com/?r=97〕 The social interaction component inspires, drives, or, in some instances, completes the project.〔http://badatsports.com/2011/social-practice-arts-identity-crisis/〕 Although projects may incorporate traditional studio media, they are realized in a variety of visual or social forms (depending on variable contexts and participant demographics) such as performance, social activism, or mobilizing communities towards a common goal.〔http://isreview.org/issue/90/critique-social-practice-art〕
==History==
Up until 2005 the term ''social practice'' was used in a branch of social theory that considered human relationships to each other and to the larger society as “practices”. The term “Art and Social Practice” was institutionalized in 2005 with the creation of the Social Practice MFA concentration at the California College of the Arts.〔http://www.artnews.com/2013/10/31/how-to-speak-artspeak-properly/〕 Other institutions of higher education followed suit, and today social practice art as a medium has been referenced in the ''New York Times'',〔http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/24/arts/design/outside-the-citadel-social-practice-art-is-intended-to-nurture.html?pagewanted=1&_r=1〕 ''Artforum'',〔http://artforum.com/inprint/issue=201207&id=31944&pagenum=1〕 ''ArtNews,''〔http://www.artnews.com/2013/10/31/how-to-speak-artspeak-properly/〕 and ''Art Practical.''〔http://www.artpractical.com/feature/notes_toward_a_non_anthropocentric_social_practice/〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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